Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The
integumentary system is responsible for all but which of the following? a. | protection
against bacterial attack | b. | protection against abrasion | c. | synthesis of
certain vitamins | d. | blood cell formation | e. | control of
temperature and prevention of desiccation | | |
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2.
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Beaks, hooves, horns, claws, nails, and quills are outgrowths of a. | epidermis. | b. | hypodermis. | c. | dermis. | d. | gastrodermis. | e. | all of
these | | |
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3.
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The
largest organ of the vertebrate body is which of the following? a. | lungs | b. | liver | c. | stomach | d. | skin | e. | small intestines | | |
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4.
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Vitamin D is required for __________ metabolism. a. | sulfur | b. | phosphorus | c. | calcium | d. | potassium | e. | zinc | | |
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5.
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Which
of the following is NOT found in the epidermis? a. | stratified epithelium | b. | blood
vessels | c. | tight cell junctions | d. | keratin | e. | melanin | | |
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6.
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Melanin protects the skin from a. | desiccation. | b. | abrasion. | c. | ultraviolet radiation. | d. | infrared
damage. | e. | invasion by bacteria. | | |
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7.
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Which
of the following statements is false? a. | Differences in human skin color are the result of differences
in quantities of melanocytes. | b. | Skin is about the thickness of a piece of
paper. | c. | In a blister, the epidermis is separated from the
dermis. | d. | Hair is composed of layers of dead
cells. | e. | Nails, hooves, horns, and hair contain
keratin. | | |
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8.
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Which
of the following statements is false concerning the outermost layer of the
epidermis? a. | It is the first
to feel any abrasion. | b. | Keratin provides waterproofing. | c. | Millions of
cells are worn off daily. | d. | Its cells are undergoing rapid cell
division. | e. | It is called the stratum corneum. | | |
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9.
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In
which of the following types is the skeleton substance NOT technically a part of the
animal? a. | exoskeleton | b. | endoskeleton | c. | musculoskeleton | d. | articuloskeleton | e. | hydrostatic | | |
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10.
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For
an arthropod, an exoskeleton has which serious disadvantage? a. | inability to
grow | b. | too much weight
for flying | c. | poor placement of muscles for
leverage | d. | lack of flexible appendages | e. | poor water
retention | | |
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11.
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Which
organisms have a somewhat rigid internal skeleton and many muscles? a. | octopuses | b. | earthworms | c. | sea
anemones | d. | insects | e. | vertebrates | | |
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12.
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The
mineral stored in greatest quantity in bones is a. | phosphorus. | b. | iron. | c. | magnesium. | d. | calcium. | e. | sulfur. | | |
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13.
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Which
of the following statements is false? a. | Calcium is the most important mineral involved with bone tissue
turnover. | b. | Osteocytes and osteoclasts are involved with the reabsorption
and repair of bones. | c. | Bone mass decreases with age. | d. | Males have
greater problems with loss of bone tissue than females. | e. | Marrow fills the
cavities in the spaces of the spongy bone and in the center of the shaft of the bone almost as
quickly as the spaces are formed. | | |
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14.
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If
some bleached bones found lying in the desert were carefully examined, which of the following would
NOT be present? a. | osteocytes | b. | Haversian canals | c. | calcium | d. | marrow cavity | e. | compact bone
tissue | | |
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15.
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The
human axial skeleton includes all but which of the following? a. | skull | b. | ribs | c. | pectoral girdle | d. | sternum | e. | vertebral column | | |
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16.
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The
bone in the upper arm is the a. | radius. | b. | ulna. | c. | tibia. | d. | humerus. | e. | femur. | | |
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17.
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Bones
in fingers or toes are called a. | hyoid. | b. | patella. | c. | scapula. | d. | clavicle. | e. | phalanges. | | |
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18.
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The
kneecap is the a. | hyoid. | b. | patella. | c. | scapula. | d. | clavicle. | e. | phalanx. | | |
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19.
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The
collarbone is the a. | hyoid. | b. | patella. | c. | scapula. | d. | clavicle. | e. | phalanx. | | |
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20.
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The
shoulder blade is the a. | hyoid. | b. | patella. | c. | scapula. | d. | clavicle. | e. | phalanx. | | |
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21.
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Bones
of the face and vertebrae are examples of which kind of bones? a. | long | b. | short | c. | flat | d. | irregular | e. | all of
these | | |
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22.
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Bones
such as the humerus and femur are examples of which kind of bones? a. | long | b. | short | c. | flat | d. | irregular | e. | all of
these | | |
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23.
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The
nonmoving joints between skull bones are examples of what kind of joints? a. | synovial | b. | fibrous | c. | cartilaginous | d. | hinge | e. | none of
these | | |
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24.
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Muscles are attached to bones by means of a. | sarcomeres. | b. | ligaments. | c. | cross-bridges. | d. | cuticle. | e. | tendons. | | |
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25.
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Each
muscle fiber is also called a a. | muscle. | b. | muscle
cell. | c. | myofibril. | d. | sarcomere. | e. | all of these | | |
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26.
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When
a sarcomere shortens, a. | the actin filaments shorten. | b. | the myosin
filaments shorten. | c. | both actin and myosin shorten. | d. | neither actin
nor myosin shortens. | | |
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27.
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During muscle contractions, a. | the myofibrils shorten. | b. | the actin and
myosin filaments slide over each other. | c. | the filaments move toward the middle of the sarcomere during
contraction and away on relaxation. | d. | the muscle fibers thicken. | e. | all of
these | | |
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28.
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During contraction, a. | cross-bridges of muscle filaments are broken and
reformed. | b. | ATP is used to form cross-bridges. | c. | muscle cells use
glycogen as their energy source. | d. | if there is a poor supply of oxygen, glycogen depletion by
glycolysis will lead to fatigue. | e. | all of these | | |
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29.
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Functionally, the plasma membrane of a muscle cell is most like that of
a a. | bone
cell. | b. | nerve cell. | c. | cartilage
cell. | d. | pancreatic islet cell. | e. | epidermal
cell. | | |
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30.
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Which
substance is released by motor neurons to initiate a muscle contraction? a. | acetylcholine | b. | dopamine | c. | serotonin | d. | noradrenalin | e. | all of
these | | |
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Short Answer
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Bones
Answer the
following questions in reference to the five bones listed below:
a. clavicle
b. lumbar vertebra
c. tibia
d. metatarsal
e. metacarpal
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31.
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Refer
to Bones. This bone is not part of the appendicular skeleton.
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32.
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Refer
to Bones. This bone is part of the wishbone of birds.
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33.
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Refer
to Bones. This bone is a toe bone in birds.
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Muscles
Answer the
following questions in reference to the five muscles listed below:
a. pectoralis
major
b. deltoid
c. rectus femoris
d. triceps
e. gastrocnemius
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34.
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Refer
to Muscles. This muscle is antagonistic to the action of the biceps.
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35.
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Refer
to Muscles. This muscle is the principal flight muscle of birds.
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