Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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What
did Griffith observe when he injected a mixture of heat-killed disease-causing bacteria and live
harmless bacteria into mice? a. | The disease-causing bacteria changed into harmless
bacteria. | b. | The mice developed pneumonia. | c. | The harmless
bacteria died. | d. | The mice were unaffected. | | |
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2.
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What
would Hershey and Chase have concluded if both radioactive 32P and 35S were
found in the bacteria in their experiment? a. | The virus’s protein coat was not injected into the
bacteria. | b. | The virus’s DNA was not injected into the
bacteria. | c. | Genes are made of protein. | d. | Both the
virus’s protein coat and its DNA were injected into the bacteria. | | |
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3.
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Which
of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? a. | ribose + phosphate group + thymine | b. | ribose +
phosphate group + uracil | c. | deoxyribose + phosphate group +
uracil | d. | deoxyribose + phosphate group +
cytosine | | |
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4.
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Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of a. | adenine
molecules in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules. | b. | pyrimidines in
DNA is about equal to the percentage of purines. | c. | purines in DNA
is much greater than the percentage of pyrimidines. | d. | cytosine
molecules in DNA is much greater than the percentage of guanine molecules. | | |
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5.
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DNA
is copied during a process called a. | replication. | b. | translation. | c. | transcription. | d. | transformation. | | |
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6.
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DNA
replication results in two DNA molecules, a. | each with two new strands. | b. | one with two new
strands and the other with two original strands. | c. | each with one
new strand and one original strand. | d. | each with two original strands. | | |
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7.
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During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with
the bases a. | TCGAAC. | b. | GATCCA. | c. | AGCTTG. | d. | GAUCCA. | | |
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8.
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In
eukaryotes, DNA a. | is located in
the nucleus. | b. | floats freely in the cytoplasm. | c. | is located in
the ribosomes. | d. | is circular. | | |
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9.
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RNA
contains the sugar a. | ribose. | b. | deoxyribose. | c. | glucose. | d. | lactose. | | |
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10.
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Unlike DNA, RNA contains a. | adenine. | b. | uracil. | c. | phosphate groups. | d. | thymine. | | |
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11.
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How
many main types of RNA are there? a. | 1 | b. | 3 | c. | hundreds | d. | thousands | | |
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12.
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Which
type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis? a. | transfer RNA
only | b. | messenger RNA
only | c. | ribosomal RNA
and transfer RNA only | d. | messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer
RNA | | |
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13.
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Which
of the following are copied from DNA? a. | mRNAs only | b. | mRNAs, tRNAs,
and rRNAs | c. | mRNAs and tRNAs only | d. | proteins | | |
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14.
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What
is produced during transcription? a. | RNA molecules | b. | DNA
molecules | c. | RNA polymerase | d. | proteins | | |
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15.
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During transcription, an RNA molecule is formed a. | that is
complementary to both strands of DNA. | b. | that is identical to part of a single strand of
DNA. | c. | that is
double-stranded. | d. | inside the nucleus. | | |
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16.
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How
many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
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17.
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What
happens during the process of translation? a. | Messenger RNA is made from DNA. | b. | The cell uses
information from messenger RNA to produce proteins. | c. | Transfer RNA is
made from messenger RNA. | d. | Copies of DNA molecules are made. | | |
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18.
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During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide,
depends on the a. | codon on the
mRNA only. | b. | anticodon on the mRNA only. | c. | anticodon on the
tRNA to which the amino acid is attached only. | d. | codon on the
mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA to which the amino acid is attached. | | |
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19.
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Genes
contain instructions for assembling a. | purines. | b. | nucleosomes. | c. | proteins. | d. | pyrimidines. | | |
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20.
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Which
type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code? a. | rRNA | b. | tRNA | c. | mRNA | d. | RNA polymerase | | |
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21.
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A
promoter is a a. | binding site for
DNA polymerase. | b. | binding site for RNA polymerase. | c. | start signal for
transcription. | d. | stop signal for transcription. | | |
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22.
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If a
specific kind of protein is not continually used by a cell, the gene for that protein
is a. | always
transcribed. | b. | never expressed. | c. | turned on and
off at different times. | d. | not regulated. | | |
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23.
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In
E. coli, the lac operon controls the a. | breakdown of
lactose. | b. | production of lactose. | c. | breakdown of
glucose. | d. | production of glucose. | | |
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24.
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A
lac repressor turns off the lac genes by a. | binding to the
promoter. | b. | DNA polymerase. | c. | binding to the
operator. | d. | binding to the lac genes. | | |
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25.
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Which
of the following is NOT part of a eukaryotic gene? a. | operon | b. | TATA box | c. | promoter
sequences | d. | enhancer sequences | | |
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